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How many modes does a wireless 3G/4G capable smart phone use to connect with laptop?

Answer
  1. Tethered Mode – Phone allows a Client PC to send/receive data over the Wireless Network.
    1. DUN Mode – Phone, when connected to the Client PC, enumerates itself as Modem (PPP) interface (There will be an optional Serial Port for Diagnostic purposes). The Client PC gets the IP Address assigned by the Wireless Network. Phone may or may not assume an IP Address.
    2. NDIS Mode – Phone, when connected to the Client PC, enumerates itself as an Ethernet interface (conforming to NDIS).The Client PC gets the IP Address assigned by the Wireless Network. Phone may or may not assume an IP Address.
    3. Gateway (ICS) Mode – Phone acts as a NAT Gateway. Phone gets an IP Address from the Wireless Network. Phone assigns a Private IP Address to the Client PC connected to it.
  2. Non-Tethered Mode – Phone does not allow a Client PC to send/receive data over the Wireless Network. Phone may be connected to Client PC for diagnostic purposes. 

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